미록(麋鹿) – 사불상(四不像)

미록(麋鹿) – 사불상(四不像) Gallery Image

미록(麋鹿) – 사불상(四不像)

미록(麋鹿)은 1866년에 그 죽은 표본을 서구에 보낸 프랑스 선교사의 이름을 따서 다비드 신부의 사슴으로 알려져 있습니다. 때로는 사불상(四不像, 4가지가 모두 같지 않다는 뜻)이라고 하기도 하는데, 이와 비슷하게 생긴 동물이 4마리 있기 때문입니다. 이 동물에 대해서 말하길, ‘발굽은 소와 같지만 소가 아니고, 목은 낙타와 같지만 낙타가 아니며, 뿔은 사슴과 같지만 사슴이 아니고, 꼬리는 당나귀과 같지만 당나귀가 아니다’라고 합니다.

1800년대 후반, 중국의 동치(同治) 황제는 지구상에서 유일하게 남아있던 사불상 무리를 남원(南苑) 황실 사냥터에 보존하였습니다. 그 가운데 몇 마리는 유럽의 몇몇 동물원에서 사들였는데, 1900년 중국에서 의화단 운동이 일어나 남은 무리들이 모두 식용으로 죽임을 당하게 되자, 동물원에 있던 개체들만이 유일하게 남게 되었습니다.

지구는 변하고 있습니다. 동물들의 서식지는 인간의 활동에 영향을 받고 있고, 이제는 더 많은 종들이 동물원에서 보호되고 있는데요. 여러분은 동물원을 어떻게 생각하나요?

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    Olivia

    I enjoy visiting zoos and I hope the animals get treated well, but I do feel sorry for the animals as they have limited space to move around and they are in the public eye a lot of the time.

    Reply moderated
    Mohamed Mahfouz

    الغزال ميلو

    يُعرف الغزال ميلو أيضًا باسم غزال بير دافيد، تيمنًا بالمبشر الفرنسي الذي أرسل عينات ميتة للغرب في عام 1866، أو يُعرف أحيانًا بالاسم الصيني “سيبوشيانغ” (أربعة غير متشابهة)، حيث يتشابه مظهره مع أربعة حيوانات أخرى. يُقال أنه يمتلك “حوافر بقرة ولكنه ليس بقرة، وعنق جمل ولكنه ليس جملة، وقرون غزال ولكنه ليس غزالًا، وذيل حمار ولكنه ليس حمارًا”.

    في أواخر القرن التاسع عشر، كان القطيع الوحيد في العالم يُحتفظ به في حديقة نانيوان الملكية للصيد بأمر من الإمبراطور تونغزي. تم شراء عدد قليل من الغزلان من قبل حدائق الحيوانات الأوروبية، وبالتالي، عندما أدت حركة الملاكمة في الصين عام 1900 إلى قتل الغزلان المتبقية واستهلاكها كطعام، بقيت النسخ الوحيدة في الحدائق الحيوانية. إن العالم يتغير، وتتأثر المواطن الطبيعية بالنشاط البشري، وتُحتفظ الآن بمزيدٍ من الأنواع في الحدائق الحيوانية. ما هو رأيك في الحدائق الحيوانية؟

    Reply moderated
    Grigore Donose

    Este o zi speciala pentru a-mi reaminti istoria acestei caprioare pe care am auzit-o de la profesorii de istorie la liceu in Romania. Am vazut azi ceea ce am invatat acum cativa in liceu.

    Federica Sebastiano

    Notes on culture
    The Bioparco di Roma is the oldest zoological garden in Italy. It was first inaugurated over 100 years ago, on 5 January 1911.
    Since then, the Bioparco has undergone drastic changes, evolving from a mere exhibition centre for exotic species to an active promoter of the conservation of biodiversity. It seeks to achieve this aim in three ways: preservation, education, and research.
    Firstly, the Bioparco is a member of EAZA (European Association of Zoos and Aquaria) and is committed to active participation in national and international conservation projects.
    Biodiversity conservation is crucial because it is threatened by deforestation, poaching, pollution, illegal trade, habitat destruction and climate change. For this reason, the Bioparco takes part in preservation projects in-situ (meaning in the animal’s natural habitat) and ex-situ (meaning outside of their natural habitat).
    Secondly, the zoological garden is committed to educating people to protect the environment and biodiversity. This is why the Bioparco regularly proposes environmental education activities for schools and the public at large to induce a concrete change of attitude and ensure that citizens and students are more sensitive and active towards the conservation of biodiversity.
    Finally, the Bioparco undertakes research to better understand animals and their behaviour. Modern zoos like the Bioparco allow us to investigate aspects of the lives of elusive and shy animals that, due to their characteristics, are difficult, if not impossible, to monitor in their natural habitat.
    Furthermore, Bioparco collaborates in its research activities with universities, other zoological facilities and national and international research organisations, whose aim is to investigate various aspects of a species, both veterinary and eco-ethological, such as nutrition, behaviour, health, or social organisation.
    I went to the Bioparco di Roma when I was an elementary school pupil. Even though it has been many years since then, I can still vividly remember the experience as it opened my eyes to the importance of biodiversity. Zoos have acquired a bad reputation throughout the decades and for good reason. Animals should not be exploited for entertainment, and it is encouraging to know that many agree with this statement now and are much more sensitive to animal rights. However, modern zoos can become an asset for biodiversity. As exemplified by the Bioparco di Roma, they can become a place to protect and understand animals and prevent their extinction in some cases.

    Lina

    I talked to my children, and they all have positive opinions on zoos. Given good management and sufficient funds, a zoo is a great place to save and preserve animal species, especially endangered animals. Although some people may think that an animal in a zoo may not be as happy as they would be in their natural habitat as they have lost their freedom, in comparison to the difficult natural living conditions for some animals, being able to survive and reproduce is more important than the aspect of freedom.

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